Iso - and Anteiso - Fatty Acids in Bacteria : Biosynthesis , Function , and Taxonomic Significancet
نویسنده
چکیده
INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 288 BIOSYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACIDS .................................................................... 289 Branched-Chain Fatty Acids.................................................................... 289 Short-chain carboxylic acids as primer sources ...........................................................2........ 289 a-Keto acids as primer sources .................................................................... 290 w-Alicyclic Fatty Acids.................................................................... 291 Straight-Chain Fatty Acids.................................................................... 291 STEREOSPECIFICITY.................................................................... 291 CELLULAR BRANCHED-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS IN BACTERIAL SYSTEMATICS ........................292 Fatty Acid Analysis .................................... .. .......... ...... ... .......... 292 Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in BacterialSpecies............ . 293 Components Affecting Fatty Acid Pattern........................93 Ratio of three classes of branched-chain fatty acids .... ...........293 Straight-chain fattyacids.................296 Unsaturated fatty acids...........................296 Unique fatty acids 296 Hydroxy fatty acids................. ... . . .... . . .................................. 296 FUNCTION OF BRANCHED-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS .......................... o. . o.... o.... ...... 296 Membrane Components........2....................96..... o . . . . ........ . o 29 Activators for Enzymes and Systems................. .... .297 Protein Modifiers............ . .... . ...... . ...................... .............ooo298 UNUSUAL FATTY ACIDS OF EXTREMOPHILES................ . ... ....................298 Low Temperature .............298 High Temperature andAcidity...... .......... 298 Alkalinity................................. ...... ooo ...298 HighSalts........... ... ..... ..... ....o298 CONCLUDING REMARKS.................................................................... 298 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...........................9.. . .... .. .... .. ....... ...ooooo299 REFERENCES..................................................ooo.o.oo..o.o..o.oooo..oo299
منابع مشابه
Iso- and anteiso-fatty acids in bacteria: biosynthesis, function, and taxonomic significance.
Branched-chain fatty acids of the iso and anteiso series occur in many bacteria as the major acyl constituents of membrane lipids. In addition, omega-cyclohexyl and omega-cycloheptyl fatty acids are present in several bacterial species. These two types of fatty acids are synthesized by the repeated condensation of malonyl coenzyme A with one of the branched-chain and cyclic primers by the same ...
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